علوم تربیتی

طراحی الگوی نظارت بر آزمون‌های غیر حضوری مبتنی بر اینترنت به منظور کاهش تقلب دانشجویان (یک مطالعه کیفی)

10.22055/edus.2025.50189.3784
دوره 33، شماره 2
شهریور 1405
صفحه 141-156
علوم تربیتی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

عباس محمدی 1
سید محمود حاج اکبری 2

1 استادیار،گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد، پژوهشگر گروه پژوهشی نوآوری اجتماعی مهرپژوهان، تهران، ایران.

چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی الگوی نظارت بر آزمون‌های غیرحضوری مبتنی بر اینترنت به‌ منظور کاهش تقلب دانشجویان انجام شده است. این مطالعه از نوع کیفی و با رویکرد نظریه‌‌پردازی داده ‌بنیاد به شیوه سیستماتیک اشتراوس و کوربین اجرا شده است. داده‌‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌‌های نیمه ‌ساختار یافته با ۲۳ نفر از متخصصان و خبرگان (شامل اعضای هیأت علمی و مدیران و کارشناسان واحد آزمون در‌ دانشگاهها) گردآوری شد. نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت هدفمند و با تکنیک گلوله ‌برفی صورت گرفت. روایی داده‌ها با تأیید مشارکت‌کنندگان و اساتید متخصص، و پایایی با روش بازآزمون ارزیابی شد. تحلیل داده‌ها طی سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی با استفاده از نرم‌ افزار MAXQDA انجام شد. یافته‌ها نشان دادند که الگوی نظارت بر آزمون‌‌های غیرحضوری متأثر از شرایط علّی (از جمله ضعف سیستم‌های نظارتی، ویژگی‌های فردی و روانشناختی، تسهیل کننده‌های تقلب)، زمینه‌ای (عوامل فرهنگی و اجتماعی، نظام آموزشی ضعیف، عوامل اقتصادی)، و مداخله‌گر (ضعف زیرساخت‌های اینترنت، امنیت فضای مجازی، امکانات آموزشی، چالش‌های فرهنگی و اخلاقی) است. راهبردهایی همچون، بهبود شیوه آزمون، احراز هویت، سامانه‌‌های الکترونیک نظارت، امنیت محتوایی، مقررات و ضوابط، آموزش و فرهنگ ‌سازی برای مقابله با تقلب پیشنهاد شده است. در نهایت، یک الگوی پارادایمی پیشنهادی جهت بهبود نظارت بر آزمون‌های آنلاین و کاهش تقلب ارائه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ارزشیابی پیشرفت تحصیلی
نظارت بر آزمون
آزمون‌های غیر حضوری
آزمون‌های مبتنی بر اینترنت

عنوان مقاله English

Designing a Supervision Model for Internet-Based Remote Examinations to Reduce Student Cheating: A Qualitative Study

نویسندگان English

abbas mohammadi 1
Seyyed Mahmoud Haj Akbari 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Master's degree, Researcher of Social Innovation Research Group, Mehrpjohan, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a monitoring model for internet-based remote examinations in order to mitigate academic dishonesty among students. This qualitative research employed a grounded theory approach, following the systematic procedure proposed by Strauss and Corbin. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 23 experts and key stakeholders, including faculty members, managers, and specialists from university examination units. A purposive sampling strategy was adopted, supplemented by the snowball technique. The trustworthiness of the data was established through member checking and expert validation by professors, while dependability was assessed via the test-retest method. Data analysis was performed across three stages—open, axial, and selective coding—using MAXQDA software. The findings revealed that the monitoring model for online examinations is influenced by causal conditions (including weak oversight systems, individual and psychological characteristics, and cheating facilitators), contextual conditions (encompassing cultural and social factors, a deficient educational system, and economic determinants), and intervening conditions (such as poor internet infrastructure, cybersecurity vulnerabilities, limited educational facilities, and cultural-ethical challenges). Proposed strategies to counteract these issues include refining examination procedures, strengthening authentication mechanisms, deploying electronic proctoring systems, ensuring content security, establishing clear regulatory frameworks, and implementing training and awareness programs to foster a culture of academic integrity. Ultimately, a paradigmatic model was put forward to enhance the monitoring of online examinations and effectively reduce cheating behavior.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Academic progress assessment
  • exam supervision
  • remote examinations
  • internet-based tests
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