علوم تربیتی

تأملی بر پدیده بازتاب ارزش­های شخصی معلمان در مدیریت کلاس؛ پدیدارشناسی نگرشها و تجربیات زیسته معلمان

10.22055/edus.2025.48071.3659
دوره 33، شماره 2
شهریور 1405
صفحه 195-210
علوم تربیتی

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

حسین حافظی 1
فاطمه مرادیان 2
محمدرضا سرمدی 3

1 استادیار، گروه علوم‌تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد تاریخ و فلسفه آموزش و پرورش، گروه علوم‌تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده
این پژوهش با هدف واکاوی تجربه زیسته بازتاب ارزش‌های شخصی معلمان در مدیریت کلاس مدارس ابتدایی انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر با عنایت به ماهیت و گزاره‌های آن به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و به لحاظ نوع داده‌های گردآوری شده، کیفی و مبتنی بر رویکرد پدیدارشناسی توصیفی بود. جامعه مشارکت‌کنندگان پژوهش شامل معلمان دوره ابتدایی شهر اراک در سال تحصیلی ۰۳–۱۴۰۲ به تعداد ۵۹۷۲ نفر می‌باشد. از بین این افراد، معلمانی که آشنایی کافی در خصوص موضوع پژوهش داشتند، براساس معیارهایی از پیش تعیین شده همچون تألیف کتاب و فعالیت‌های علمی و پژوهشی مرتبط، با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند با تأکید بر اشباع نظری داده‌ها، تعداد ۲۴ نفر انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌های پژوهش مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته بود. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها در این پژوهش از روش تحلیل مضمون استفاده شد. در فرایند کدگذاری و تحلیل داده‌ها پیرامون ارزش‌های مهم معلمان در کلاس درس، چهار مقوله شناسایی گردید: ارزش‌های روانشناختی، ارزش‌های اجتماعی و انسانی، ارزش‌های آموزشی و حرفه‌ای، و ارزش‌های مربوط به استفاده از فناوری در تدریس. در خصوص چگونگی و شرایط لحاظ نمودن ارزش‌های شخصی معلمان در کلاس درس، پنج مقوله استخراج شد: ویژگی‌های فردی و اجتماعی، ملاحظات اخلاقی در تعاملات کلاسی، ملاحظات مدیریتی و سازمانی در کلاس درس، کار گروهی و همکاری در محیط آموزشی، و توجه به فناوری‌های آموزشی. این یافته‌ها نشان‌دهنده اهمیت توجه به ارزش‌های شخصی معلمان در بهبود مدیریت کلاس و فرآیند آموزش است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تجربه زیسته
ارزش­های شخصی
مدیریت کلاس
معلمان
مدارس ابتدایی

عنوان مقاله English

A reflection on the phenomenon of reflecting teachers' personal values in class management; Phenomenology of teachers' attitudes and lived experiences

نویسندگان English

hossein hafezi 1
Fatemeh Moradian 2
Mohammadreza Sarmadi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Senior expert in History and Philosophy of Education, Department of Educational Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

This research has been conducted with the aim of analyzing the lived experience of reflecting teachers' personal values in classroom management at elementary schools. The present research, given its nature and propositions, was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of the type of collected data, based on a descriptive phenomenological approach. The participant population of the research included all elementary school teachers in Arak city during the academic year 2023–2024, totaling 5972 individuals. Among these individuals, teachers who had sufficient knowledge of the research topic were selected based on predetermined criteria such as authorship of books and related scientific and research activities, using purposive sampling with an emphasis on theoretical data saturation, and 24 individuals were chosen. The data collection instrument was semi-structured interviews. For data analysis in this research, thematic analysis was employed. In the process of coding and data analysis regarding the important values of teachers in the classroom, four categories were identified: psychological values, social and humanistic values, educational and professional values, and values related to the use of technology in teaching. Concerning how and under what conditions teachers' personal values are incorporated into the classroom, five categories were extracted: individual and social characteristics, ethical considerations in classroom interactions, managerial and organizational considerations in the classroom, teamwork and collaboration in the educational environment, and attention to educational technologies. These findings indicate the importance of paying attention to teachers' personal values in improving classroom management and the teaching process.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • classroom management
  • personal values
  • elementary school teachers
  • descriptive phenomenology
  • thematic analysis
  • teacher professional development
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