Samad Borzoian Shirvan; afshin norouzi elmi; Morteza Taheri
Abstract
Introduction:Economic challenges (recession, inflation, etc.) always affect the quality and quantity of education and on the other hand, the quality of any educational system depends on the quality of the administrators of that system. School principals should be able to meet the challenges of their ...
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Introduction:Economic challenges (recession, inflation, etc.) always affect the quality and quantity of education and on the other hand, the quality of any educational system depends on the quality of the administrators of that system. School principals should be able to meet the challenges of their school. Also, improve the quality of education in their schools. Financial literacy is a tool that can be a powerful arm of school principals in solving school financial challenges. The purpose of this study is to provide a model and tool for measuring the financial literacy of primary school principals.Method:The method used in this research is Grounded theory. Using purposive sampling method, 8 university professors in the field of education economics and 2 school principals were selected. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Then the data were coded by the three-step method in Grounded theory.Results:Finally, principals 'financial literacy was explained and the causal factors, contexts, strategies, intervention factors and consequences of school principals' financial literacy were identified. Then, according to the identified factors, the model and form of measuring the financial literacy of school principals was presented.Discussion:School principals must have a set of competencies and skills to maintain the quality and improve the conditions of the school under their management. Financial literacy is one of these competencies that empowers principals in solving the financial challenges of schools. Assessing and determining the current situation School principals' financial literacy needs a model and tools. School principals' financial literacy assessment model explains the various dimensions and angles of school principals' financial literacy. Educators and founders of private schools. Policymakers and decision-makers in the education system should pay special attention to the financial literacy of school principals, and education district administrators should consider financial literacy in the appointment and selection of school principals
zahra akbari khudlan; mehdi rahimi; Mohsen Shakeri
Abstract
Nowadays, Academic dishonesty is one of the issues that has plagued the educational system. The scope of this phenomenon ranged from purchasing an essay, plagiarizing content, fudging laboratory results, falsification, duplication, misusing credit, asking for a deadline extension by citing a bogus excuse, ...
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Nowadays, Academic dishonesty is one of the issues that has plagued the educational system. The scope of this phenomenon ranged from purchasing an essay, plagiarizing content, fudging laboratory results, falsification, duplication, misusing credit, asking for a deadline extension by citing a bogus excuse, to cheating on the exam session and impersonating another to take a test. It is evident that continuing this process will challenge the reliability of the academic system's performance and has long-term effects not only on the individual, but also on the entire community.MethodThe purpose of this research was to study the causes and dimensions phenomenon of academic dishonesty in students. A qualitative approach and grounded theory method was adopted in the study, considering the nature of the subject. The target population of the research were all students of Yazd University in the academic year of 1397-98. The sampling method was purposive and theoretical with maximum variation and sustained up to data saturation. Data were collected from 16 students through in-depth semi-structured interview. The obtained results were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin’s open, axial and selective coding methods.ResultsThe results of the investigations that fall into six dimensions of the model include: main phenomenon (performance goal orientation), causes (7 categories), environmental conditions (3 categories), contextual features (4 categories), strategy (3 categories) and outcome (1 categories). Functional goal orientation was recognized as the main phenomenon with three categories including “competition”, “score and degree dependency” and “science learning and service delivery”. The research tool was an in-depth semi-structured interview. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation. The research results showed that the applicability of lessons, individual characteristics, educational background, time limit and weight of lessons, student admission policies, professors' professionalism, and family pressure, has cause the formation of the central category of “performance goal orientation”. Also, contextual features (such as physical conditions, classroom and university atmosphere, technology, and monitoring and dealing) and environmental conditions (cultural-social environment, political environment, and the policy environment), have provide the context of rise students` unethical reactions such as cheating in exam, dishonesty to do homework, scientific theft and dishonesty in research, which have resulted disruption in individual development, social development, and academic development.In conclusion, it can be acknowledged that the phenomenon of academic dishonesty is rooted in the goal orientation of the individual. Several environmental and individual factors can change it, so a comprehensive effort seems necessary in order to amend it.
Mohammad Moshki Hassan Abad; Mahmoud Ekrami; Ahmad Karimi Dashtaki; hossein hafezi
Abstract
IntroductionUniversities have experienced different generations in during their lives. The first generation of universities had a purely educational function. The second generation of universities also had a research function. In the third generation, the application of research was considered. The third ...
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IntroductionUniversities have experienced different generations in during their lives. The first generation of universities had a purely educational function. The second generation of universities also had a research function. In the third generation, the application of research was considered. The third generation of universities is called the: Entrepreneur University. Third generation universities must be able to be independent and Prepare your graduates to enter in the job market. The purpose of this study is to design a conceptual model for third generation universities in the distance education system.MethodThe method used in this research is Grounded theory. By using a purposeful sampling method, 46 faculty members of Payame Noor University were select. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Then the data were coded by the three-step method in Grounded theory.ResultsExecution of the open coding step identified 114 concepts. In axial coding stage, concepts were summarized into 23 sub-categories and 8 main categories. Then a paradigm model was drawn with causal conditions (organizational space of university), contextual conditions (organizational infrastructure), intervening conditions (autonomy, globalization and effective interactions), central phenomenon (third generation university), strategies (administrative and executive review) and outcome (development-oriented society). Finally, conceptual model of the third generation university was created.DiscussionBased on the conceptual model obtained, the university should be reviewed. This review should be done in the field of university hardware and software. Therefore, changes in strategies, perspectives, facilities and equipment are necessary for the third generation. In this case, the university can be a factor in the comprehensive development of society. To achieve this, the university must support from the new ideas and creativity of its staff. Also, creative beliefs in the workplace should replace routine beliefs. In the field of hardware, the necessary equipment to develop the talents of employees should be provided to them. In addition, the university must have a good relationship with other universities and other sections of society. To become a third-generation university, administrative approaches must become more flexible and educational policies must change. The new needs for educational and research should be known and based on those needs, educational and research goals should be set. By making these changes, the university will be on the path of economic and social development which creates innovative products and creative services. Finally, the establishment of this type of university leads to sustainable development in society.
Mahin Mahdavieh; soheila hashemi; Habibollah Naderi; Ali Asghar Firozjayan
Abstract
Introduction The epistemological beliefs research is about how people know the phenomena of the universe, what theories and beliefs they have about to know, and how epistemological assumptions affect to cognitive processes of thinking and reasoning. In recent years, there has been growing interest ...
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Introduction The epistemological beliefs research is about how people know the phenomena of the universe, what theories and beliefs they have about to know, and how epistemological assumptions affect to cognitive processes of thinking and reasoning. In recent years, there has been growing interest in researching children's epistemological beliefs. As Feucht(2017) in his study provided evidence that the level of complexity cannot necessarily be associated with more advanced developmental stages of personal epistemology and the complexity of elementary school children's epistemic beliefs was underestimate in the field of personal epistemology; The purpose of this research is to investigate the epistemological beliefs of children. For this purpose, the questions were: 1) What beliefs do elementary students have in third grade, and 2) which conceptual model could be designed based on students' beliefs. Method The primary method used in this research is Grounded theory. By using a purposeful sampling method, 20 girl students of the third grade in elementary school with a mean age of 9 years old were select. Various techniques, including "draw, write, tell," an in-depth and semi-structured interview with students, were conducted. Then the data about their beliefs and experiences in the process of acquiring these beliefs were collected and analyzed. Results By coding, data categorized, and seven categories emerged. These categories are Individual Mental Scheme, Epistemic Susceptibility, Epistemic Climate, Doubt, Volition, Justification of knowledge, and Multi-dimensional beliefs. The results showed that participants in this research hold multi-dimensional beliefs, which include five dimensions named "Ownership: Authority or Reason, Innateness: Innate or Acquired, Exactness: Certain or Tentative, Simplicity: Simple or Complex, Pace: Quick or Gradual. Dimensions of Exactness, Simplicity, and Ownership have illustrated on nature of knowledge and dimensions of Innateness and Pace have indicated on nature of knowing. All these dimensions can appear in a continuum from naive to sophisticated. Discussion Based on the conceptual model developed in this research, the categories of individual mental schema, epistemic susceptibility and epistemic climate as "Fundamental Components" and categories of doubt, volition, and justification of knowledge in the form of "change mechanism" had contribution in the process of creating and developing epistemological beliefs of students in a way that can lead to formation the multi-dimensional epistemological beliefs. The results of this study will help educators to find new findings of student's beliefs about knowledge and knowing as well as its development process. They can lead to better educational planning by understanding the epistemological beliefs of students.
Educational Management
Abstract
Introduction Universities and higher education institutions centers have a certain position that act as the engines of societies, so upgrading and enhancing its efficacy can in turn better and more effective service to the community. It seems that the use of the servant leadership style as a moral and ...
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Introduction Universities and higher education institutions centers have a certain position that act as the engines of societies, so upgrading and enhancing its efficacy can in turn better and more effective service to the community. It seems that the use of the servant leadership style as a moral and ethical approach can provide the opportunities to achieve these goals. The servant leadership is based on the servitude philosophy which has a optimistic nature focusing on ethical behavior, serving the development of others, and philanthropic philosophy. Thus, the main objective of this study was to design a model of servant leadership that would suit the cultural considerations and requirements of Iranian Islamic society in broader sense and the University of Farhangian particularly. Method In order to discover the very true participants' tastes, experience, attitudes and perceptions, grounded theory (Strauss and Corbin, 2008) was employed. Through targeted sampling regarding the two characteristics of familiarity with the context of Farhangyan university and having long experience in leadership, seven faculty members and eight head masters (totally fifteen) in Farhangian University were selected to be interviewed. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviewing techniques and reviewing written documents (University Statutes, management charters, Managers' Letter Covenants, by university officials' interviews and lectures). Qualitative Analysis Software (Nvivo) was applied for data analysis. Based on Strauss and Carbian systematic approach, in the three stages of Open Coding, Axial Coding, Selective Coding. Validation through triangulation was reviewed by contributors and non-contributing experts. Results Dimensions of paradigm pattern include: Causal conditions (Ethical and psychological characteristics, service motivation and hooliganism, attorney-trust look and feelings of divine duty), core category or phenomenon (Servant Leadership), context conditions (establishment and preparation of facilities, agility, making perspectives, Religious Principles, Islamic System Values), intervening conditions (establishment of core competencies, expertise and experience, strong communication network, managerial instability and Just evaluation of performance), Strategies (institutionalization of servant leadership, optimization and enhancement of the management and development of partnership), consequences (promoting the quality of the leader-follower relationship, The psychological atmosphere based on trust, effective individual and organizational results), upon which, model of service leadership was designed and validated. Discussion The success of organizations depends on the efficient and effective leaders who are capable of grasping chances and fulfill weak points to accommodate needs. Such leaders are winners by adopting a leadership style that is soothing to chaotic conditions of the new world and consistent with the cultural considerations and value of the community as well. Accordingly, university of Farhangian obliged a style of management that best accommodate academic system necessities, furthermore, to be committed to the principles of value and ethics in Islam. As the findings of this study showed that, servant leadership has a broad range of advantages for the organization and that is compatible with the culture and traditions of the Islamic environment, a value-dominent model in line with cultural values of the country was designed and validated that seems promising to direct educational campuses particularly, Farhangian universities.
Educational Psychology
Saeed Gharaaghaji; Shahram Vahedi; Eskandar Fathi Azar; yousef adib
Abstract
Introduction The tendency to postpone learning activities is regarded as an important reason for low academic performances among students. Academic procrastination is a complex phenomenon and despite numerous studies, there is no consensus among experts about its components. Method This study ...
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Introduction The tendency to postpone learning activities is regarded as an important reason for low academic performances among students. Academic procrastination is a complex phenomenon and despite numerous studies, there is no consensus among experts about its components. Method This study aimed to explore the contextual, processual, and consequential factors related to procrastination. For this purpose, the current study used grounded theory. 30 third-grade high school students in the academic year 95-96 were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data. During this process, open and axial coding were carried out. Related categories in the field of paradigmatic model, process and outcome were determined. Then in the selective coding, the core category or main research theme was extracted. Results The findings revealed 12 main themes and 33 sub-themes in the model paradigm. In the domain of context, the structure of the educational system, factors related to teachers, peers, tasks, parents, and individual traits; in processual domain, poor planning and time management, low mindfulness and delay in doing homework, and finally academic and emotional consequences were extracted. The central category extracted was an instrumental attitude towards learning. Discussion According to the results of this study, students consider learning as an instrument for achieving external outcomes. Therefore, learning activities take priority when there is a possibility that they might lead to the desired results; otherwise they will be set aside. Central category linked context to the process making the consequences of procrastination more comprehensible. Findings specified the components of academic procrastination in the framework of grounded theory. Based on this model, suggestions were presented in different areas for education authorities, teachers, parents and students.
Yahya Maroofi; Zohreh Karami
Abstract
The aim of this research was obtaining the experiences of teachers who participated in the lesson study groups at schools. This research was conducted qualitatively using grounded theory method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and purposive sampling was continued until reaching ...
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The aim of this research was obtaining the experiences of teachers who participated in the lesson study groups at schools. This research was conducted qualitatively using grounded theory method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and purposive sampling was continued until reaching a saturation point. Analysis of the results showed that fron the wiewpoint of the teachers who participated in the research, lesson study could have contributed to their professional development in three areas of knowledge, skill, and attitude. Knowledge includes: content knowledge, teaching knowledge, and lesson study knowledge; skills include: thinking skills, teaching skills, and lesson study skills; and attitudes include: tendency to cooperate, tendency to negotiate, gaining inner satisfaction, and creating motivation and interest.Based on the results of this study suggest that teachers can employ lesson study for their professional development and solving teaching-learning problems, and the can participate actively in lesson study groups at schools. The results of this study suggest that teachers can employ lesson study for professional development and solving teaching-learning problems, and the can participate actively in lesson study groups at schools.
hossein hafezi
Abstract
The present study aims to design a conceptual model for commercialization of knowledge in the system of higher education with the study put the payame Noor University was carried out. Research method, is Qualitative and based on Grounded Theory with the systematic approach. The statistical population ...
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The present study aims to design a conceptual model for commercialization of knowledge in the system of higher education with the study put the payame Noor University was carried out. Research method, is Qualitative and based on Grounded Theory with the systematic approach. The statistical population consists of all members of Faculty and specialized doctoral students' payame noor university. On the this research, theoretical purposive sampling method was used in such a way that using the 29 subjective (19 members of the Faculty and 10 doctoral students) the data required that to theoretical saturated were reached was assemble. The research instrument was also included half-structured interview. In order to analyze the data from the three-stage process of coding based on a systematic approach of grounded theory was used. The implementation of open coding process was led to the identification of the 133 concept (the initial open codes) and summarize their in the form of 8 main categories with 33 subcategories (the secondary open codes). Then, paradigm model based on the axial coding process in the form of the causal conditions (environmental capabilities), the contextual conditions (organizational capabilities), the intervening conditions (individual knowledge builder features, characteristics of productived knowledge and knowledge customers), the core phenomenon (knowledge commercialization), strategies (designing and implementation of facilititater mechanisms) and consequences (society of knowledge-based) were graph and finally, The conceptual ultimate model of research using the selective coding process in the form of propositions that had narrative the relationship between the main categories were depicted.
Y Mehralizadeh; o mehni; h Elhampour
Volume 21, Issue 1 , May 2014, , Pages 5-20
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Board of trustees oriented schools (Heyat omana). Due to the characteristics and conditions of schools, to achieve the objective the Grounded theory was used. To collect the required data using a snowball sampling of 15 schools selected beneficiary ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Board of trustees oriented schools (Heyat omana). Due to the characteristics and conditions of schools, to achieve the objective the Grounded theory was used. To collect the required data using a snowball sampling of 15 schools selected beneficiary groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with these individuals. The information gathered in the interviews, based on the Grounded theory, the Foundation has three stages of coding (open, axial and selective) to open the 254, 68 and 19 categories of data were extracted. The categories below are the major components of the final Grounded Theory (condition, peripheral, intermediate, central, strategic and outcome) were formed and eventually the final research model
