Journal of Educational Sciences

Situationism in Education: Comparison of view of John Dewey and Iran's Education Transformation Document

https://doi.org/10.22055/edus.2024.46428.3576
Volume 31, Issue 1
September 2024
Pages 191-208
Journal of Educational Sciences

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Tahereh Rajabi 1
mohsen farmahinifarahani 2
Mehdi Sobhani Nejad 3

1 Ph.D. student of Philosophy of Education, Shahid University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Shahid University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Associate Professor Department of Education ,Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract
Introduction
The purpose of the current research is to explain the situation of education and training, which has been investigated and studied from the perspective of John Dewey and the theoretical foundations of the fundamental transformation of Iran's education system.
 
Method
George Brady's comparative research method, which includes four stages of description, interpretation, comparison, and comparison, has been used. The primary source of information collection is the writings of John Dewey and the theoretical foundations of the fundamental change document, and the secondary sources are the articles that have been explained and investigated on this issue.
 
Results
The findings of the research show that; The philosophical antecedents of situation orientation in education and training are based on John Dewey's view based on the rejection of any pre-determined basis and rule, the position implies a general and comprehensive matter, which is of intuitive understanding and cannot be explained by reasoning, but the situation in the basics The theory of the transformation document is subject to criteria and is not based on pre-determined rules in the process and results, and in fact, it draws a unified and monotheistic vision in a situation-based pluralistic process for education. The theoretical foundations of the transformation document are It seeks the connection between the making,finding and geing situation. The common point in Dewey's point of view and the theoretical foundations of the transformation document is the rejection of any presuppositions and predicted rules, as well as attention to the holistic view of the concept of situation, but what can be pointed out as a point of distinction and difference is the theoretical foundations of the transformation document. It has a trans-situational, unitary and monotheistic approach, also the situation is subject to criteria in the basics, but John Dewey's view lacks a trans-situational view and is enclosed in the empiricism approach.
 
Discussion
According to the results presented in the comparative study of the situation from the point of view of John Dewey and the theoretical foundations of the document of transformation, at the end of the article, references were made for the education system of Iran.

Keywords

situation
Dewey
theoretical foundations of fundamental change
education
Ansari, M., & Shaygan Far, N. (2019). Assaying the relation of Instrumentalist epistemology of John Dewey and Hermeneutical Approach. Journal of Knowledge, 81(1), 29-48. [Persian]
Adick, C. (2018). Bereday and Hilker: origins of the ‘four steps of comparison’ model, Comparative Education, 54(1), 35-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/03050068.2017.1396088
Alexander, T. M. (1987). John Dewey’s theory of art, experience, and nature: The horizons, State of University New York Press.
Alam Al-Hadi, J. (2009). Islamic Theory of Education and Training. Cultural Institute of Burhan School, Imam Sadiq University. [Persian]
Alfano, M. (2012). Expanding the Situationist Challenge to Responsibilist Virtue Epistemology. Philosophical Quarterly 62(247), 223-249. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9213.2011.00016.x
Bagheri, Kh. (2013). Constructive realism and science education. Iranian Curriculum Studies Quarterly, 28(7). 81-92.  DOI:101103/fa. [Persian]
Bagheri, K., et al. (2009). Research approaches and methods in the philosophy of education. Tehran: Research Institute of Cultural and Social Studies. [Persian]
Brown, Matthew J. (2012). John Dewey’s Logic of Science. International Society for the History of Philosophy, 2(2), 258-306. https://doi.org/10.1086/666843
Brown, Matthew J. (2019). The Concept of “Situation” in John Dewey’s Logic and Philosophy of Science. https://www.matthewjbrown.net/professional/papers/situation-science.pdf
Burke, T. (2000). What is a Situation? History and Philosophy of Logic, 21(2), 95-113. https://doi.org/10.1080/01445340050064013
Clemente, Noel L. (2021). Degrees of epistemic dependence: an extension of Pritchard’s response to epistemic situationism, Synthese, 199(3-4), 11689–11705. https://philpapers.org/rec/CLEDOE-3
Dewey, J. (1990). Logic: Research Theory. Translated by Ali Shariatmadari. Publishing Institute of Tehran University. [Persian]
Gallagher, S. (2009). Philosophical antecendents to situated cognition. The Cambridge Handbook of Situated Cognition. United States: Cambridge University Press. 35-51.
Hildebrand, D. L. (2018). Experience is Not the Whole Story: The Integral Role of the Situation in Dewey’s Democracy and Education. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 52(2). 287–300. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.12286
Higher Education Council (2013). Theoretical foundations of the fundamental transformation document in the formal and public education system of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Louva, E. N., Khammatova, R. S., Klepach, Y. V., Kazakova, S. N., Shukshina, L. V., & Dzhafarov, N. K. (2018). Approaches to the study of social situation and its subjective interpretation. Education, 39, p 17. https://www.revistaespacios.com/a18v39n20/a18v39n20p17.pdf
Mahmoudi, N. (2021). Designing a model of situational creativity based on the reflective education approach (case study: philosophy program for children). Journal of Thought and child, 12(1), 143-129. DOI:10.30465/FABAK.2021.6236 [Persian]
Madandar, A., & kakia, L. (2019). Comparative research method in humanities. Tehran: Samt. [Persian]
Miller, C. B. (2017). Character and Situationism: New Directions. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice. 20(3), 459–471. https://philpapers.org/rec/MILCAS-12
Naqibzadeh, H. (2011). A look at the philosophical attitudes of the 20th century. Tehran: Tahori. [Persian]
Ozman, H. M., & Craver, S. (2017). Philosophical foundations of education. Authors; The translators of Gholamreza Motaghifar & others. Qom: Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute. [Persian]
Rezaei, M. (2019). The concept of Situation in the fundamental transformation document of education. Parpirar Art Cultural Institute Tehran. [Persian]
Hoseinpour Sabagh, D., Sharafi, M. R., Alamolhoda, J., & Souzanchi, H. (2019). Recognizing the concept of "situation" in contemporary value education approaches. Journal of Educational Sciences. (2), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.22055/edus.2019.27776.2684 [Persian]
 

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us