This study aims at rethinking about the meaning and concept of "attendance and absence" in the field of education, on the one hand, and at illuminating its role and stance to meet the educational goals, on the other hand. In the common perception of attendance-absence concept, its meaning and role have been restricted to a certain place, and a certain time, and certain, individuals. Relying on Hans-Georg Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics, the author tries to offer a new account of this concept. Philosophical hermeneutics speaks about the ontological understanding and its constituents and considers necessary a set of elements for reaching such understanding; fusion of horizons, play of understanding, and being non-systematic are three items of the mentioned elements. "Fusion of horizons" refers to the conversation between ideas,; "play of understanding" implies the pervasive involvement of someone in the game (activity); "being non-systematic" is to exceed the usual and quantitative methods. In this approach, conversation is felt through all mentioned elements; the conversation which is manifested sometimes through two ideas, sometimes between rules and their executive (human being) and sometimes through conversation between past and presence. According to the philosophical hermeneutics, whenever one of the mentioned parties is removed, then no more conversation and hence understanding is possible. Accordingly, in the new account, "absence" can be considered in several forms: absence of ideas; Physical absence; lack or absence of principle , absence of executive. Any failure to include each one of these forms may result in a certain type of education.