Journal of Educational Sciences

“Caring Thinking” as a Skill to Link Cognitive and Emotional Domain in "Community of Inquiry": The Case of History

10.22055/edus.2025.48244.3673
Volume 32, Issue 2
December 2025
Pages 81-108
Journal of Educational Sciences

Document Type : Systematic Review

Authors

Mehrnoosh Hedayati 1
Nayere Dalir 2

1 Assistant Professor, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associated Professor, Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract
According to specialists, fostering "national identity" is not achievable through memory-oriented teaching of history course. Rather, this goale is accomplished through the active participation of learners and their attainment of high-level objectives in both cognitive and emotional domains in Bloom’s Taxonomy. The “Community of Inquiry” is an educational approach that provides the opportunity for active and collaborative learning by fostering criticue, creation, and caring thinking. This research focuses on investigating the possibility of teaching an objective and retrospective lesson such as “history” through this approach; and additionally, it explores how to increase enthusiasm and connection with this identity-shaping subject through the cultivation of caring thinking. This fundamental and applied research employs an inferential analytical method, throught reviewing and analyzing texts and resources. The results indicate that increasing emotional sensitivity through historical awareness, the desire to embrace national identity, selective attention to the identity-shaping concepts in the history course, enthusiastically act to understand the national history, and valuing national identity occurs through the cultivation of caring thinking in community of inquiry; and it have a positive effect on the formation of the national identity among students. The subject of history in schools is not merely a knowledge-based lesson, rather, it is an effort focoused on exploring sterategies for shaping a better future of human life, through objectives such as the development of student’s personality, identity, and thinking skills, and consequently in society as a whole."Caring Thinking" involve both cognitive and emotional goales. Lack of attention to these goals, especially in the history- as an identity-shaping course- can provide the way for cultural invasion. By employing active and reflective teaching approaches and cultivating various higher-order skills, especially caring thinking, it is possible to contribute to the formation and sastainbility of the national identity of Iran's future builders.

Keywords

Hystory
Cognitive and Emotional domains in Bloom’s Taxonomy
Caring Thinking
Community of Inquiry
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