Alireza Eghbali
Abstract
Today, in planning around university administration, in addition to many issues, there is a need to estimate the demand for higher education in the coming years. Among the factors influencing the demand for higher education are economic conditions and variables. Prosperity and recession are among these ...
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Today, in planning around university administration, in addition to many issues, there is a need to estimate the demand for higher education in the coming years. Among the factors influencing the demand for higher education are economic conditions and variables. Prosperity and recession are among these conditions that have not been addressed in studies conducted in Iran.Education can be influenced by business cycles for many reasons. Prosperity and recession periods increase a person's motivation to grow specialized skills, on one hand, and due to the right business conditions and the rising opportunity costs,Encounter with more costs to assign time for the education on the other hand ; therefore it can decrease the motivation of education. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of boom and bust periods on the enrollment rate of Payame Noor University in the country during the years 2005-2015. Accordingly, the combined data method based on provincial data has been used. The results of the article show that the share of Payame Noor University students to the total number of students in the provinces of the country during the boom periods has decreased and in contrast, this share is positive during the recession periods. The results also show that the intensity of impact in periods of boom and bust is relatively low and very low. Therefore, it can be stated that the enrollment rate in Payame Noor University has anti-cyclical behavior. These results confirm that people are affected by their cost at the time of enrollment in this university. The results of this article can help university management what policies to adopt in times of prosperity or recession. In previous studies, the effect of economic growth on the enrollment rate has been mainly considered, while in this article, the effect of general economic fluctuations in the form of boom and bust periods has been discussed.
S. Zahedifar; B. Najarian; H. Shokrkon
Abstract
This study was launched to construct and validate a scale for measuring aggression in accordance with cultural values and social characteristics of Iranian people, and to examine the following four hypotheses: 1) There is a positive correlation between aggression and depression, 2) There is a positive ...
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This study was launched to construct and validate a scale for measuring aggression in accordance with cultural values and social characteristics of Iranian people, and to examine the following four hypotheses: 1) There is a positive correlation between aggression and depression, 2) There is a positive correlation between aggression and Type A characteristics, 3) There is a positive correlation between aggression and migraine headache symptoms, and 4) There is a significant difference between male and female students’ scores on aggression. All three different samples of this study were randomly drawn from the undergraduate students taking various general courses of Shahid Chamran University (Ahvaz): Normative sample (N—550), test- retest sample (n=229), and validation study sample (n=215). Based on a factor analysis, a 30-item questionnaire entitled Ahvaz Aggression Inventery (AM) was developed to measure aggression, comprising three subscales: Rage and Anger (14 items), Assault and Insult (8 items), and Negativism (8 items). The internal consistency and test-retest reliability coefficients of AAJ were all satisfactory. Validity of AAI was found to be very high based on its concurrent administration with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), MMPI, and BDVI (a purpose- designed validity scale).
All four hypotheses of this Study were confirmed for the whole sample, as well as for the female and male samples separately. Regarding the first hypothesis, however, only the overall correlatton between aggression and depression was significant; The correlation between the second sub-scale and depression for the male subjects, as well as the correlation between the third sub- scale and depression for the male and female subjects were not found to be significant. Implications of these findings are discussed in detail.