نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت آموزش عالی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار مدیریت آموزش عالی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن، تهران، ایران.

10.22055/edus.2024.45815.3552

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه الگوی ارتقاء مهارت‌های زندگی دانشجویان و طراحی مدل جامع انجام شده است. روش پژوهش از نوع آمیخته اکتشافی صورت گرفت. در بخش کیفی از طریق مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با 16 نفر از اعضاء هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی به شیوه نمونه‌گیری هدفمند تا مرزاشباع نظری مطالعه به عمل آمد. ابزار بخش کمّی، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته براساس یافته‌های بخش کیفی بود. تایید روایی محتوای پرسشنامه از دیدگاه اساتید، روایی سازه از تحلیل عاملی تاییدی و پایایی ابزار به شیوه پایایی ترکیبی انجام شد. تحلیل داده‌ها در بخش کیفی، با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای استقرایی و کدگذاری در سه سطح باز، محوری و انتخابی انجام شد. در بخش کمّی، جامعه آماری پژوهش دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 1401 به تعداد 139701 نفر بودند که تعداد 424 نفر بر اساس فرمول کوکران و به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. تحلیل داده‌های بخش کمّی به روش تحلیل عاملی و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری صورت گرفت. براساس یافته‌های تحقیق؛ چهار بعد محیط آموزشی، ویژگی‌های استادان، آموزش و یادگیری مهارت‌ها و توسعه مهارت‌های فردی با چهارده مؤلفه در طراحی مدل منظور گردیدند. نتیجه شاخص نیکویی برازش نیز نشان داد عملکرد کلی الگوی ارائه شده از کیفیت مناسبی برخوردار است. این مدل می‌تواند در برنامه‌ریزی‌های آموزشی، دانشجویی و فرهنگی دانشگاه مفید باشد و به ارتقاء مهارت‌های زندگی دانشجویان کمک نماید. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Proposing a Model to Enhance Students' Life Skills:Based on a Mixed-Methods Research

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samane Bahri Shabanipur 1
  • Narges Hassan Moradi 2
  • Rashid Zolfaghari Zafrani 3

1 PhD student in higher education management, Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Educational Management, Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Faculty member of Islamic Azad University, Roodehen Branch, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Life skills are essential in most educational systems, as they assist individuals in navigating daily challenges and improving personal and social well-being. This research aims to develop an effective model for enhancing students' life skills.
 
Method
The research aimed to develop a model using an exploratory mixed-methods approach to enhance students' life skills. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 researchers and experts through purposeful sampling until theoretical saturation was achieved. For the quantitative phase, a sample of 424 students was selected from a population of 139,701 at the Islamic Azad University of Tehran in the 2023 academic year, using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling. Qualitative analysis involved inductive content analysis and coding at three levels: open, central, and selective. The quantitative component utilized a researcher-made questionnaire based on qualitative findings. Content validity was assessed by professors, and construct validity was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. The tool's reliability was determined using composite reliability. Quantitative data were analyzed through factor analysis and structural equation modeling using Smart PLS software.
 
Results
The qualitative findings revealed that improving students' life skills involved four main dimensions with 14 components. By integrating these findings with prior research and expert insights, an initial conceptual model emerged. These dimensions include the educational environment (supportive structure, intellectual and motivational settings, and supportive rules), professors' characteristics (scientific and practical expertise, and professional interactions), teaching and learning skills (knowledge, specialized skills, general skills, spiritual skills, cognitive skills, and metacognitive skills), and the development of individual skills (personal, thinking, emotional, cognitive, and social skills).
 
Discussion
The model for enhancing students' life skills encompasses four dimensions: the educational environment, professors' characteristics, teaching and learning skills, and individual skill development. It is recommended that this model be considered in educational, student, and cultural planning regarding students' life skills.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Student Life skill
  • Model
  • Education
  • Higher Education
  • Students
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