نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• زهره کرمی ¹
• میثم کرمی ²

¹ دانشگاه فرهنگیان

² دانش‏آموخته روانشناسی تربیتی، آموزگار آموزش و پرورش، همدان، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، ارائه الگوی برنامه درسی مبتنی بر عمق دانش، جهت افزایش سطح پیچیدگی شناختی یادگیرندگان بود. در این پژوهش از روش سندکاوی و تحلیل محتوای مقوله ‏ای استفاده شد. منابع، مطالعه و با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون، مضامین اصلی و فرعی شناسایی شدند و در نهایت بر اساس آنها الگوی برنامه درسی مبتنی بر عمق دانش ارائه شد. به منظور اعتباریابی، الگو در اختیار متخصصان قرار گرفت و بعد از اعلام نظرات آنها، ضریب روایی محتوایی (CVR) محاسبه شد که نتایج نشان داد الگو از نظر متخصصان، قابل قبول است. بر اساس یافته ‏های پژوهش در این الگو چهار سطح یادآوری و بازتولید، مهارت‏ ها و مفاهیم، تفکر راهبردی، و تفکر توسعه یافته، پیش‏ بینی شده و عناصر اهداف، روش عمل‏، فعالیت ‏ها‏‏ و ارزشیابی متناسب با هر سطح، معرفی شده ‏اند. این الگو می ‏تواند توسط متخصصان برنامه درسی و معلمان جهت افزایش پیچیدگی شناختی یادگیرندگان مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• مدل تدریس
• الگوی برنامه درسی
• عمق دانش
• پیچیدگی شناختی
• یادگیرندگان

موضوعات

• برنامه ریزی درسی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Providing a Curriculum model based on depth of knowledge to increase the level of cognitive complexity of learners

نویسندگان [English]

• Zohreh Karami ¹
• Maysam Karami ²

¹ Farhangian University

² Graduate of Educational Psychology, Teacher of Education, Hamedan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction
Today, one of the most important tasks of education is to strengthen the excellent functions of the mind and to develop the depth of knowledge of learners. Strengthening the higher mental functions and cognitive development of learners is achieved through cognitive engagement and complex thinking. Involvement of learners in exploratory activities, problem solving, etc. provides the ground for their cognitive development. Through the Norman Webb Knowledge Depth Model (DOK), teachers can enhance learners' cognitive complexity.
Method
This study aimed to present of curriculum model based on depth of knowledge to increase the level of cognitive complexity of learners. In this research, the method of document mining and categorical content analysis was used. The resources were studied and using the content analysis method, the main and secondary themes were identified, and finally, based on them, a curriculum model based on the depth of knowledge was presented. In order to validate, this model was provided to experts, and after announcing their opinions, the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was calculated, the results showed that the model in terms of Specialists is acceptable.
Results
Based on the research findings in this model, four levels of recall and reproduction, skills and concepts, strategic thinking, and extended thinking, predicted and elements of objectives, method of action, activities and evaluation appropriate to each level, are introduced. In general, in the curriculum model based on the depth of knowledge, goals Included strengthening the skills of analysis, reasoning, judgment, decision-making, leadership, problem solving, critical thinking, flexible thinking, creative thinking and .... In-depth knowledge-based content tries to prepare the learner to face such situations in life by confronting them with complex and ambiguous situations. In-depth knowledge-based assessment is also in line with the curriculum, and the level of questions and activities is adjusted from low to high complexity.
Discussion
In the knowledge depth model, learners engage in exploratory and problem-solving activities and often acquire what they have learned through mental effort and activity. Involve students in activities such as interpreting, predicting, inferring, classifying, analyzing, reasoning, criticizing, inventing, designing and executing, participating, researching, combining, Self-monitoring, critique, production and presentation contribute to their cognitive development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• teaching model
• curriculum model
• depth of knowledge
• cognitive complexity
• learners