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جایگاه تربیت شهروند مجازی در برنامه‌های درسی رسمی دوره ابتدایی نظام آموزشی ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش بررسی جایگاه تربیت شهروند مجازی در برنامه‌های درسی رسمی دوره ابتدایی ایران بود. این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی و شامل تحلیل اسنادی و تحلیل محتوا به شیوه آنتروپی شانون بود. واحد تحلیل محتوا؛ متون، تصاویر و فعالیت‌‌های کتاب‌های درسی بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش 41 جلد کتاب درسی دوره ابتدایی در سال تحصیلی 400-1399 بود که 24 جلد به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شد. برای تعیین روایی ابزار، از روایی محتوایی به شکل نظرخواهی از متخصصان در مورد میزان هماهنگی محتوای ابزار اندازه‌گیری و هدف پژوهش به روش کیفی استفاده شد. ضریب پایایی نیز به روش اسکات 83/0 به دست آمد.
یافته‌های حاصل از تحلیل آنتروپی شانون نشان داد بیشترین میزان بار اطلاعاتی و ضریب اهمیت در بین مؤلفه‌های مطلوب تربیت شهروند مجازی به مؤلفه‌ی "سواد مجازی" مجموعاً با مقدار (386/0) و کم‌ترین میزان بار اطلاعاتی و ضریب اهمیت به مؤلفه‌های " امنیت مجازی"، " آداب معاشرت مجازی"، " حقوق و مسؤلیت‌های مجازی"، " قوانین مجازی" و " تجارت مجازی" مجموعاً با مقدار (0) تعلق دارد. همچنین یافته‌های مربوط به آمار توصیفی نشان داد که حدود 4 درصد از محتوای کتاب‌های درسی مورد بررسی به مؤلفه‌های تربیت شهروند مجازی توجه داشته‌اند.
با توجه به یافته‌ها می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که جایگاه تربیت شهروند مجازی در برنامه‌های درسی دوره ابتدایی ایران تا حد زیادی مغفول مانده است. بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌شود با توجه به ضرورت تربیت شهروندان مجازی در عصر حاضر، برنامه‌های درسی دوره ابتدایی از نظر ایجاد پوشش مناسب روی مؤلفه‌های مورد نیاز تربیت شهروند مجازی، مورد بازنگری قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The position of digital citizenship education in the official curricula of elementary school in educational system of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • seyed mahdi hosseini 1
  • kourosh fathiVajargah 2
  • mahmoud haghani 3
  • mahboobeh arefi 4
  • Morteza Rezaeezadeh 3

1 Ph.D. Student, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Professor, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Shahid Beheshti University, Thran, Iran.

4 Asociate Professor, Shahid Beheshti University, Thran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction
As technology has grown, so problems related to its use raised. Because the growth of technology has increased the availability and expansion of the use of technology in primary schools as well as the use of these technologies by students at home, so the need to support students to stay safe, accountable, participate and collaboration in cyberspace and the like is more than ever. Issues related to the expansion of the use of technology and cyberspace; necessitate the education of digital citizens by the educational system.
Method
The purpose of this study was to investigate the position of digital citizenship education in the official curricula of elementary school in Iran. This research was descriptive and included documentary analysis and content analysis by Shannon entropy method. Content Analysis Unit; It was texts, pictures and textbook activities. The statistical population of the study was 41 volumes of elementary school textbooks in the academic year 2019-2020, of which 24 volumes were selected by purposive sampling. To determine the validity of the instrument, content validity was used in the form of a survey of experts on the degree of coordination of the content of the measuring instrument and the purpose of the research. The reliability coefficient was obtained by Scott method 0.83.
Results
Findings showed that out of 2631 counting units counted; 98 cases were related to the eight components of digital citizenship education. In other words, about 4% of the content of the three sections of the content of the studied textbooks has paid attention to the desirable components of digital citizenship education.
Findings from Shannon entropy analysis showed that the highest Ej and Wj among the components of digital citizenship education belong to the component of "digital literacy" with a total value of (0.3866) and the lowest Ej and Wj belong to the components of "digital Security", "digital Etiquette", "digital Rights and Responsibilities", "digital laws" and "digital commerce " all to the value of (0).
Discussion
According to the findings, it can be concluded that the position of digital citizenship education in Iranian elementary school curricula has been largely neglected. Therefore, it is suggested that considering the necessity of educating digital citizens in the present age, elementary school curricula should be revised in terms of providing appropriate coverage on the components required for educating digital citizens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Citizenship Education
  • virtual Citizenship
  • Electronic citizen
  • Shannon Entropy
  • Curriculum
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علوم تربیتی
دوره 28، شماره 1
تیر 1400
صفحه 229-252
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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