نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته برنامه‌ریزی درسی در آموزش عالی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

‏پژوهش حاضر، با هدف شناسایی و تبیین بایسته‌های یاددهی-یادگیری الکترونیکی، متناسب ‏با ‏ویژگی‌های دانشجویان دوره ‏کارشناسی امروز انجام شد. طرح پژوهش، آمیخته و از نوع اکتشافی متوالی است. در بخش کیفی، از روش تحلیل مضمون و در بخش کمی، از شیوه توصیفی-پیمایشی استفاده شد. ابزار بخش کیفی، مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته و ابزار بخش کمی پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته می‌باشد. روایی محتوایی سؤالات پرسشنامه و مصاحبه، طبق نظر متخصصان و پایایی پرسشنامه نیز از ‏طریق آلفای کرونباخ مناسب برآورد شد. جامعه ‏آماری بخش کیفی، صاحب‌نظران در دو حوزه علوم تربیتی و علوم اجتماعی بود که نمونه از بین آنها به ‏صورت هدفمند تا حد اشباع اطلاعات، ادامه یافت. جامعه آماریِ بخش کمی ‏نیز شامل اساتید و دانشجویان کارشناسی از دانشکده‌های علوم تربیتی و علوم اجتماعی دو دانشگاه ‏تهران و اصفهان بود که نمونه‌ از بین آنها به روش تصادفی طبقه‌ای، متناسب با ‏حجم انتخاب شد. تحلیل ‏یافته‌ها در قسمت کیفی بر مبنای نظریه داده‌بنیاد و در قسمت کمی، بر اساس آمار توصیفی و استنباطی است. بر اساس یافته‌ها، مهمترین بایسته‌های یاددهی-یادگیری الکترونیکی، ‏متناظر با ویژگی‌های دانشجویان کارشناسی امروز عبارتند از: «استفاده از پیامرسان‌های مجازی»، «استفاده از نرم‌افزارها و فیلمهای آموزشی»، «معرفی و ‏استفاده از وب‌سایتهای علمی»، «ارائه آموزش‌های مکمل از راه دور»، «اجازه جستجوی وب درکلاس»، « ارائه تکالیف مجازی»، ‏‏«برگزاری ‏آزمون‌های مجازی» و «استفاده از تخته هوشمند». لذا ‏کاربست مؤلفه‌های مذکور، منجر به انگیزه‌مندی تحصیلی و رشد علمی دانشجویان امروز می‌گردد. از این ‏رو به مدرسان توصیه می‌گردد به منظور تدریس اثربخش و استفاده بهینه از فرصت‌های آموزشی، از ‏بکارگیری آنها غفلت نورزند.‏

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and Explanation of the Requirements of ‎‎E-teaching/learning, Proportionate to Characteristics of Today’s BA Level Students

نویسندگان [English]

  • ahmad ebrahimi 1
  • Sayed Ebrahim Mir Shah Jafari 2
  • ali rabbani 2

1 Ph.D Student of Curriculum in Higher Education, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

2 Professor, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction:
Newfound technologies in the communication and information area lead the educational systems ‎‎toward electronic teaching-learning.‎ certainly, the application of e-learning strategy based on ‎components tailored to the needs, desires and skills of students, leads to the creation of numerous ‎and diverse learning opportunities for students. In contrast, the inappropriateness and adaptation ‎of academic activities to the characteristics of students is a cause of motivation and ‎academic failure. The present study tries to identify and explain the requirements of e-‎teaching/learning which are fit for the characteristics of today’s BA students. ‎

Method:
The research design is mixed and of successive exploratory type. The qualitative part was done using the case study method and the quantitative part was done using the descriptive-survey method. The tools of the qualitative section are semi-structured interviews and the tools of the quantitative section are researcher-made questionnaires. The statistical population of the qualitative section was experts in the two fields of educational sciences and social sciences, of which the sample of them continued purposefully until the saturation of information. The statistical population in the quantitative section consisted of faculty members and BA ‎students of educational and social sciences colleges of Tehran and Isfahan Universities of which the sample of them was chosen with the stratified ‎random method according to the volume. The analysis of the findings in the qualitative part is based on grounded theory and in the quantitative part is based on descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:
Regarding the research findings, the most important Requirements of electronic teaching-learning ‎strategy which suits the characteristics of today’s BA students is: using virtual messengers, using ‎soft wares and educational videos, using scientific websites, using remote supplementary trainings, ‎being allowed to search the Internet in classroom, having virtual assignments, taking virtual ‎exams and using smart board.‎

Discussion:
Based on the findings, it can be concluded, the application of these elements, ‎‏leads to academic ‎motivation and scientific ‎growth of today's students‏ ‏and thus, it is recommended to Professors for ‎the purpose of ‎effective teaching and optimal use of educational opportunities, do not neglect to ‎use them.‎ Universities must also provide the necessary equipment for e-teaching, especially smart ‎boards and high-speed Internet. In addition, in order to acquaint professors and students with e-‎learning skills such as the use of scientific websites, distance education, the use of smart boards, ‎virtual exams, etc., organized training workshops and encourage professors who use these ‎methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • e-teaching/learning
  • higher education
  • BA level
  • new generation characteristics
Ahmadi, P., Agharafiee, D., & Vaziriheshi, F., (2018). ‘A survey of the users Opinions of the Iran's ‎national library in the field of educational capacities of Telegram messenger in Iran’ Journal of ‎Media, 28(4), 109-131.‎ [Persian]
Alizadeh-choobdasti, H., & Soleimani-bashli, M, (2011). ‘Generation gap: illusion or reality?’, Journal ‎of Sociological Studies of Youth, 1(1), 63-99.‎ [Persian]
Ayati, M., Rudi Aliabadi, S., & Rostami Nejad, M.A. (2019). Validation of the tools of lifelong learning competencies of students in the digital age. Educational Sciences, 26(2), 177-196. ‎[Persian]
Azimi, A., Kerilva-ildosona, G., & Soleimani, N., (2020). ‘Investigating the effect of self-‎development on academic achievement of Statistic course for Iranian and Russian students ‎Mediated by the use of Remote learning technologies by professors’, Journal of Education ‎Technology, 14(2), 685-696. [Persian]
Bahrami, S., Zebardast, A., & Salimi, J. (2020). Qualitative analysis of the diversity of university professors' experiences of the concept of professional identity. Educational Sciences, 27(1), 203-220. ‎[Persian]
Casa-Todd, J., Kay, R., & Hughes, J. (2020). Developing Digital Citizenship, Digital Literacy and Student Voice Using Social Media in K12. In EdMedia+ Innovate Learning, AACE‎, 550-555.
Creswell, J. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design. Sage publications.‎
Gillespie, A. (2020). The Politics of Millennials: Political Beliefs and Policy Preferences of America’s Most Diverse Generation. Journal of Race, Ethnicity and Politics, 5(1), 242-245.
Grace Oh, E., Ricciotti, H. A., & Cianciolo, A. T. (2018). Paying Mind to Generational Differences in Medical Education: A Dialectical Book Review, Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 30(3), 345-349.
Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1982). Epistemological and methodological bases of naturalistic inquiry. ECTJ, ‎‎30(4), 233-252.‎
Hernandez-de-Menendez, M., Díaz, C. A. E., & Morales-Menendez, R. (2020). Educational experiences with Generation Z. International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM), 14(3), 847-859.
Izi, M., Aliabadi, kh., Nili, M., & Delavar, A, (2019). ‘Generational analysis of the preference of ‎‎students with digital indigenous characteristics to have an e-textbook’, Research and ‎writing of ‎academic books, 23(1), 99-117.‎ [Persian]
Khalife, Gh., Fardanesh, H., Hatami, J., & Talayi, I. (2019). Designing & validating a model for strengthening critical thinking skills in online learning environments. Educational Sciences, 26 (2), 109-130.‎[Persian]
Kleftodimos, A., Lappas, G., & Evangelidis, G. (2020). Edutainment and practice in video-based learning: ‎enriching educational videos with interactive activities and games. International Journal of ‎Entertainment Technology and Management, 1(1), 5-33.‎
Mead, M. (2015). Culture and commitment to study in generational differences. ‎Translated by Fazeli, N. & Soroush, F., Tehran: Publications of the General ‎Directorate of Culture and Islamic Publications. [Persian]
Mistry, P., & Pandya, R. (2020). Web-based learning in higher education. ZENITH International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 10(3), 13-29.
Mohammadi Moloud, S., Zavar, T. (2020). The relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement: a meta-analytic study. Educational Sciences, 27(1), 161-182. [Persian]
Oommen, P. G. (2020). Learning Theories–Taking a Critical Look at Current Learning Theories and the Ideas Proposed By Their Authors. Asian Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences, 2(1), 27-32.
Ranjdoust, S. (2019). Investigating the role of virtual tests in reducing stress from the perspective of faculty ‎members and students of Payame Noor University. Journal of Technology of Education, 13(3), 519-‎‎527. [Persian]
Sabouri Khosroshahi, H. (2014). Intergenerational differences in the family, Iranian ‎Journal of Social Science Studies, 11(3), 78-90. [Persian]
Sachdeva, M. P., & Tripathi, D. A. (2019). Critical Education for 21st Century: A study on Youth and Media ‎literacy. Journal of Content, Community & Communication. 10(5), 64-72.‎
Shahsiah, N., Nazarpoori, A., Hkkak, M., & Vahdati, H., (2020). ‘Presenting a strategic e-learning ‎‎model among students of the virtual education unit of Isfahan University of Medical ‎Sciences’, ‎Journal of Found, 21(4), 58-73.‎ [Persian]
Siemens, G., Rudolph, J., & Tan, S. (2020). “As human beings, we cannot not learn”. An interview with Professor George Siemens on connectivism, MOOCs and learning analytics. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 3(1), 108-119.
Sinnema, C., Nieveen, N., & Priestley, M. (2020). Successful futures, successful ‎curriculum: What can Wales learn from international curriculum reforms?. The ‎Curriculum Journal, 31(2), 181-201.‎
Srivastava, P. (2019). Advantages & Disadvantages of E-Education & E-Learning. Journal of Retail Marketing & Distribution Management, 2(3), 22-27.
Topal, H., Fitriani, S. S., & Erdiana, N. (2019). The Effectiveness of Smart Board Media in Teaching Reading for ‎Junior High School Student. Research in English and Education Journal, 4(3), 108-118.‎
Varshnay, U., & Kumar, S. (2020). Analysis of E-learning Software by Multiple Security Measures for Modelling a Secure Authenticated & Integrated Framework. Studies in Indian Place Names, 40(3), 5507-5511.
Wilkinson, D. & Birmingham, P. (2003). Using Research Instruments: A Gide for Researchers, London, Routledge Flamer‎‏.‏
Yildirim, I., Cirak-Kurt, S., & Sen, S. (2019). The Effect of Teaching" Learning ‎Strategies" on Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis Study. Eurasian Journal of ‎Educational Research, 79(5), 87-114‎‏.‏
Zahda, F. H. (2019). The Impact of Using Educational Software on Student Fraction Achievements Case Study: Economic Course. International Journal of Information Science and Technology, 3(2), 3-10.