نویسنده
عضو هیات علمی دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز،اهواز،ایران
چکیده
بررسی رابطه اخلاق با عقلانیت برای دست اندرکاران آموزش و پرورش و بخصوص آموزش و پرورش اخلاقی حائز اهمیت ویژه است. بر همین اساس لازم است نظریههای اخلاقی با رجوع به معیار عقلانیت مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرند، زیرا فقط آن دسته از نظریههای اخلاقی میتوانند مبنایی برای آموزش و پرورش اخلاقی دانسته شوند که اخلاق را امری عقلانی دانسته و گزارههای اخلاقی را واجد بار شناختی بدانند. در این نوشتار نظریه خودگرایی اخلاقی براساس معیار عقلانیت بررسی شده و با توضیح و تبیین تردیدها و ایرادهایی که در مورد عقلانی دانستن نظریههای خودگرا مطرح هستند، با بیان توجیهاتی منطقی در خصوص دفاع از عقلانیت این نظریه پیشنهادهایی برای رفع مشکلات و تردیدهای مطرح شده ارائه میگردد و نهایتاً با طرح قرائتی از خودگرایی اخلاقی که نه در مقابل نوعگرایی بلکه مصداقی از آن است از عقلانیت نظریه خودگرایی اخلاقی حمایت میشود. براین اساس، این نظریه اخلاقی میتواند مبنایی برای ساخت نظریهها در باب آموزش و پرورش اخلاقی به حساب آید.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Examining the Theory of ‘Ethical Egoism’ Based on its Relation with Reason and Rationality: A Study or the Philosophy of Moral Education
نویسنده [English]
- M. Safaei Moghaddam
Faculty member, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
چکیده [English]
For educationalists, especially those who are working on moral education, it is crucial to establish a relation between morality and reason. This is because the moral theories can be regarded as foundations for moral education only if they see morality as a rational matter and moral statements as cognitive statements. In this article, the theory of ethical egoism will be examined by referring to its relation with reason and rationality. In order to explain the problems besetting the matter, and to defend the rationality of ethical egoism, some suggestons for solving the problems will be made. At the end, by providing an interpretation of ethical egoism on the basis of which this theory is shown not to be against altruism but a kind of altruism, the rationality of ethical egoism will be defended. On this basis, the theory of ethical egoism can be seen as moral a theory which provides groundwork for moral educational theory.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Moral philosophy
- ethical egoism
- rationality
- moral education
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