نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسنده

هیئت علمی پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف ساخت، بررسی روایی و پایایی پرسشنامه سنجش مهارت تفکر مراقبتی براساس رویکرد تربیتی «فلسفه برای کودکان» برای دانش‌آموزان دوره اول متوسطه شهر تهران انجام شد. بدین منظور ابتدا طرح مقدماتی (Pilot Study) پژوهش روی 60 دانش‌آموز اجرا گردید و سپس تعداد 742 دانش‌آموز (358 دختر و 384 پسر) دانش‌آموز به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای انتخاب شدند و پرسشنامه سنجش تفکر مراقبتی در پنج خرده‌مقیاس، شامل تفکر مبتنی بر ارزش، تفکر عاطفی، تفکر مبتنی بر هنجار، تفکر فعال و تفکر همدلانه، بین آنها توزیع و نتایج مورد تفسیر و تحلیل قرار گرفت. روایی محتوایی پرسشنامه با کمک از ده تن از اساتید متخصص داخلی و شش تن از اساتید خارجی بررسی و مورد تایید قرار گرفت(87/.CVR=). روایی سازه این آزمون نیز به کمک روش تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تحلیل عاملی تاییدی بررسی گردید در نهایت از هریک از خُرده‌مهارت‌ها، پنج سوالی که بیشترین بار عاملی را داشتند انتخاب و فرم 25 سوالی آزمون با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی تاییدی مورد تائید قرار گرفت. همچنین یافته‌ها حاکی از تفاوت معنی‌دار مهارت تفکر مراقبتی، تفکر مبتنی بر ارزش، تفکر عاطفی و تفکر هنجاری میان دختران و پسران بود. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد پرسشنامه سنجش مهارت تفکرمراقبتی، اطلاعات لازم درخصوص مهارت کلی و پنج خُرده‌مهارت را ارائه می‌دهد و می‌تواند در جهت سنجش و رشد این مهارت برای دانش‌آموزان متوسطه دوره اول کاربرد داشته‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Construction and Standardization of Caring Thinking Questionnaire Based on "philosophy for Children" Educational Approach

چکیده [English]

The aim of this project is to construct, and to evaluate the validity and reliability of Caring Thinking Skill (CTS) questionnaire based on ‘Philosophy for Children’ educational approach, for first high school students in Tehran. For this purpose, a pilot study was carried out on 60 students. Then, 742 students (358 girls and 384 boys) were selected by cluster sampling method and CTS questionnaire in Five subscales, including Valuative Thinking, Emotional Thinking, Normative Thinking, Active Thinking and Empathic Thinking, were distributed among them and the results were interpreted and analyzed. Content validity of the questionnaire was assessed by 16 local and foreign professors. The reliability of this test was also evaluated by using Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The findings indicated the content validity was appropriate (CVR = 0/87), and in the construct validity, according to the results of EFA, 29 questions were deleted and the validity of the 60-item test was confirmed. Finally, from each of the sub skills, five questions that were the most frequent factors were selected and the form of the 25 questions was verified by using CFA. The findings also showed a significant difference between Caring Thinking, Valuative Thinking, Emotional Thinking and Normative Thinking skills among boys and girls. This research results indicated that the CTS questionnaire provides information on general skills and five sub skills, and can be used to measure and develop this skill for first high school students.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Care
  • Caring Thinking
  • Caring Thinking questionnaire
  • Philosophy for Children’ educational approach
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